Understanding Melasma: Triggers & Treatments (Updated)

Melasma is a common skin condition characterized by brown or blue-gray patches or freckle-like spots. It’s often called the “mask of pregnancy.” Melasma happens when the melanocytes (the colour-making cells in the skin) produce too much color.

Common Triggers

• Sun exposure: Ultraviolet (UV) light triggers the melanocytes. In fact, just a small amount of sun exposure can make melasma return after fading.
• Hormonal changes: Pregnant women often get melasma. When melasma appears in pregnant women, it is called chloasma, or the mask of pregnancy. Birth control pills and hormone replacement medicine can also trigger melasma.
• Skin care products: If a product irritates your skin, melasma can worsen.

Effective Treatments

Treating melasma requires a comprehensive approach. Here are the key steps:

1. Strict Sun Protection: Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher every day. Reapply at least every 2 hours.
2. Topical Brighteners: Look for ingredients like Vitamin C, Kojic Acid, Azelaic Acid, and Niacinamide.
3. Patience: Melasma is stubborn. It can take months availability to see significant improvement.